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Date: April 30, 2024 Tue
Time: 2:41 am
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Results for video cameras
10 results foundAuthor: LaVigne, Nancy Title: Evaluation of Camera Use to Prevent Crime in Commuter Parking Facilities: A Randomized Controlled Trial Summary: Car-related crimes are a pervasive problem in the United States: each year an estimated 3.3 million people have their cars stolen or broken into. The cost of these crimes is significant: in 2008, the total value of stolen cars was roughly $6.4 billion, while another $1.6 billion was lost through thefts from cars. Commuter parking facilities, where owners leave their cars unattended for most of the day, have particularly high rates of car crime (Clarke 2002; Clarke and Mayhew 1998). Almost onequarter (23.7 percent) of car thefts and nearly 12 percent of all thefts happen in parking lots and non-residential garages. Despite the frequency and cost of car crime, strategies to prevent these crimes have not been well studied. This evaluation report examines the impact of digital cameras in reducing car crime in parking facilities serving riders of Washington, DC’s commuter rail system. Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA) runs the second-largest rail transit system and sixth-largest bus network in the United States. Between 1999 and 2003, before this study began, roughly half of all serious crimes on Metro property took place in parking facilities. Car crimes were roughly split between stolen cars and thefts from cars, but crime rates were not equal across Metro stations: just over one-third (36 percent) of the stations accounted for 80 percent of car crimes in 2003. These data suggest that some stations make better targets than others — and finding out why could help prevent those crimes. Urban Institute researchers, working with Metro Transit Police (MTP), set out to identify what parking facility characteristics and management practices might create opportunities for crime, analyze those findings in relation to past crimes, and identify promising crime reduction strategies. Noting the limited surveillance of Metro station parking facilities, researchers recommended WMATA use prominently placed cameras to deter offenders. To minimize costs, MTP chose to invest in digital cameras, installing still cameras (not video cameras) at the exits of half of Metro’s commuter parking lots, along with signs alerting drivers (and potential criminals) that license plate numbers and exit times were being recorded and monitored. Similar to “red light” traffic cameras, the digital cameras were equipped with motion detectors to take still photos of cars — including their license plates — as they exited the facility. In addition to deterring criminals, the cameras could provide Metro police with information to tailor their patrol schedules (such as the exact times of thefts) and aid in investigations. In reality, however, only a third of the cameras were live due to budget constraints; nevertheless, the dummy cameras were expected to convey the perception of surveillance. This strategy relied heavily on rational choice theory as embodied in situational crime prevention (SCP): by creating the perception of greater surveillance, law enforcement agencies hope to convince potential criminals that they are more likely to get caught and that they should consequently refrain from crime or take their criminal activities elsewhere. Details: Washington, DC: Urban Institute, Justice Policy Center, 2011. 82p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed January 12, 2012 at: https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/236740.pdf Year: 2011 Country: United States URL: https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/236740.pdf Shelf Number: 123594 Keywords: Automobile TheftMotor Vehicle TheftParking FacilitiesSituational Crime PreventionVideo CamerasVideo Surveillance |
Author: ODS Consulting Title: Flexible Research Contract: Evaluation in the Community Safety Unit. Body Worn Video Projects in Paisley and Aberdeen: Self Evaluation Summary: 1.1 Body worn video (BWV) camera systems are now used by a significant number of police forces and warden services across the UK. In 2010 they were being used in more than 40 police force areas. The systems are hands free and provide video and audio recording which are time and date stamped. They make it possible to record offences and to capture evidence. 1.2 In Renfrewshire, body worn video cameras were trialled (using just three head mounted cameras) in 2006/07. A larger scale approach (using 38 cameras) was introduced in June 2009 and is still in operation. This programme was reviewed by Strathclyde Police after the first eight months of operation (June 2009-January 2010).1 1.3 In Aberdeen, a pilot programme using body worn videos started in June 2010. This was reviewed after three months of operation.2 Since the review, the programme has been extended. 1.4 Those involved in the two areas (Strathclyde Police; Renfrewshire Council Environmental Warden Service; and Grampian Police) sought support to assist them to scope and evaluate the business benefits of using body worn video cameras. 1.5 They applied to the Scottish Government‟s Community Safety Unit for evaluation support from their Evaluation Support Framework Contract. The application was successful and the Community Safety Unit appointed ODS Consulting to provide an agreed modest level of evaluation support. 1.6 The evaluation work was overseen by a Project Board, made up of senior staff from Strathclyde Police, Grampian Police and the Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service. A Project Team, including operational staff from each of these organisations and from Renfrewshire Council, led in the evidence gathering to support the evaluation. 1.7 The evaluation draws together information from the previous reviews which have been undertaken; information produced in Scottish Government reports; fresh information gathered in each area; and information from the Criminal Justice Board‟s Management Information System. Details: Glasgow: ODS Consulting, 2011. 21p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed January 15, 2015 at: http://www.bwvsg.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/BWV-Scottish-Report.pdf Year: 2011 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.bwvsg.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/BWV-Scottish-Report.pdf Shelf Number: 134405 Keywords: Body-Worn Cameras (Scotland)Camera Technology Law Enforcement Technology Police Technology Police Use of Force Video Cameras |
Author: Roy, Allyson Title: On-Officer Video Cameras: Examining the Effects of Police Department Policy and Assignment on Camera Use and Activation Summary: On-officer video camera (OVC) technology in the field of policing is developing at a rapid pace. Large agencies are beginning to adopt the technology on a limited basis, and a number of cities across the United States have required their police departments to adopt the technology for all first responders. Researchers have just begun to examine its effects on citizen complaints, officers' attitudes, and street-level behavior. To date, however, there is no research examining how departmental policy and assignment of officers to a camera program affect officer behavior and opinions of the cameras. Policy and assignment have the potential to impact how officers react to the technology and can affect their interactions with citizens on a daily basis. This study measures camera activations by line officers in the Mesa Police Department during police-citizen encounters over a ten-month period. Data from 1,675 police-citizen contacts involving camera officers were subject to analysis. Net of controls (i.e., the nature of the crime incident, how it was initiated, officer shift, assignment, presence of bystanders and backup, and other situational factors), the bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to examine how departmental policy (mandatory versus discretionary activation policy) and officer assignment (voluntary versus mandatory assignment) affected willingness to activate the cameras, as well as officer and citizen behavior during field contacts. Details: Phoenix, AZ: Arizona State University, 2014. 51p. Source: Internet Resource: Thesis: Accessed January 15, 2015 at: http://urbanaillinois.us/sites/default/files/attachments/officer-video-cameras-roy.pdf Year: 2014 Country: United States URL: http://urbanaillinois.us/sites/default/files/attachments/officer-video-cameras-roy.pdf Shelf Number: 134406 Keywords: Body-Worn Cameras Camera Technology Law Enforcement Technology Police TechnologyVideo Cameras |
Author: Ellis, Tom Title: Body-Worn Video: Evaluation of the Introduction of Personal Issue Body Worn Video Cameras (Operation Hyperion) on the Isle of Wight: Final Report to Hampshire Constabulary Summary: This study evaluated the impact of issuing all police officers on the Isle of Wight with Body Worn Video (BWV) cameras on 1 July 2013. It is based mainly on a series of measures in the year prior to camera issue compared to the same measures in the year after issue. These measures included data on changes in: public opinion; occurrences and crime; criminal justice processes (domestic assault) and complaints against police. In addition, there was also survey of IoW officers' views on BWV cameras and observational fieldwork. Isle of Wight public opinion on police BWV cameras - The Isle of Wight (IoW) public's trust in police to record all appropriate incidents with cameras is very high - 58% were aware of cameras after personal issue which was significantly higher than 26% in the period immediately before - Only 11% of residents in the "before" period had seen a police officer using BWV cameras which significantly increased to 29% in the "after" period - There was an overwhelmingly positive (84-96%) public attitude toward police use of cameras in: - gathering evidence - identifying criminals - increasing convictions - improving training - improving disciplinary procedures - Before personal issue, IoW public was less convinced cameras would reduce: complaints against the police; assaults on police; and crime and ASB. All ratings significantly improved after the roll out of personal issue BWV cameras - There was a significant rise (to 82%) in IoW public belief that all uniformed officers should use cameras. Isle of Wight Police Officers' views on BWV camera use - Officers' views on BWV cameras, where comparable, largely coincided with those of IoW public - IoW officers had significantly lower confidence than the public in cameras reducing assaults on police, but significantly higher confidence in them reducing complaints against them - Frontline officers were significantly more positive than non-frontline (mainly investigative) officers in valuing the deployment of personal issue BWV cameras on the IoW - The vast majority of officers agreed that all PCSOs should wear BWVs when on duty. Details: Portsmouth, UK: University of Portsmouth, Institute of Criminal Justice Studies, 2015. 75p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed May 6, 2015 at: http://www.bwvsg.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Ellis-Evaluation-Worn-Cameras.pdf Year: 2015 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.bwvsg.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Ellis-Evaluation-Worn-Cameras.pdf Shelf Number: 135526 Keywords: AssaultsBody-Worn Cameras (U.K.)Complaints Against PoliceDisorderly ConductPolice TechnologyPublic OpinionSurveillanceVideo Cameras |
Author: U.S. Department of Homeland Security Title: Body-Worn Video Cameras for Law Enforcement Assessment Report. System Assessment and Validation for Emergency Responders (SAVER) Summary: The U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) established the System Assessment and Validation for Emergency Responders (SAVER) Program to assist emergency responders making procurement decisions. Located within the Science and Technology Directorate (S&T) of DHS, the SAVER Program conducts objective assessments and validations on commercially available equipment and systems and develops knowledge products that provide relevant equipment information to the emergency responder community. The SAVER Program mission includes: - Conducting impartial, practitioner-relevant, operationally oriented assessments and validations of emergency response equipment - Providing information, in the form of knowledge products, that enables decision-makers and responders to better select, procure, use, and maintain emergency response equipment. SAVER Program knowledge products provide information on equipment that falls under the categories listed in the DHS Authorized Equipment List (AEL), focusing primarily on two main questions for the responder community: "What equipment is available?" and "How does it perform?" These knowledge products are shared nationally with the responder community, providing a life- and cost-saving asset to DHS, as well as to Federal, state, and local responders. The SAVER Program is supported by a network of Technical Agents who perform assessment and validation activities. As a SAVER Program Technical Agent, the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center (SPAWARSYSCEN) Atlantic has been tasked to provide expertise and analysis on key subject areas, including communications, sensors, security, weapon detection, and surveillance, among others. In support of this tasking, SPAWARSYSCEN Atlantic developed this report to provide emergency responders with information obtained from an operationally oriented assessment of body-worn video cameras for law enforcement, which fall under AEL reference number 13LE-00-SURV titled Equipment, Law Enforcement Surveillance. Body-worn video cameras are valuable tools that can be used by law enforcement to record traffic stops, arrests, sobriety tests, and interviews. Body-worn video camera systems typically consist of a camera, microphone, battery, and onboard storage. They are designed to be head-mounted or worn at various locations on the body, depending on the model. In January 2015, the System Assessment and Validation for Emergency Responders (SAVER) Program conducted an operationally oriented assessment of body-worn video cameras for law enforcement. Seven body-worn video cameras were assessed by emergency responders. The criteria and scenarios used in this assessment were derived from the results of a focus group of emergency responders with experience using body-worn video cameras. The assessment addressed 16 evaluation criteria in three SAVER categories: Capability, Deployability, and Usability. Details: Washington, DC: Department of Homeland Security; North Charleston, NC: Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center Atlantic, 2015. 47p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed July 20, 2015 at: http://www.firstresponder.gov/SAVER/Documents/Body-Worn-Cams-AR_0415-508.pdf Year: 2015 Country: United States URL: http://www.firstresponder.gov/SAVER/Documents/Body-Worn-Cams-AR_0415-508.pdf Shelf Number: 136112 Keywords: Body-Worn Video CamerasEmergency PreparednessFirst RespondersHomeland SecurityVideo CamerasVideo Surveillance |
Author: Grossmith, Lynne Title: Police, Camera, Evidence: London's cluster randomised controlled trial of Body Worn Video Summary: Overall the findings suggest there are potential benefits of Body Worn Video (BWV), although those related to criminal justice outcomes were not fully realised during the timescales of the trial and need the support of criminal justice partners to be achieved. - BWV can reduce the number of allegations against officers, particularly of oppressive behaviour. Complaints related to interactions with the public also reduced and, although it did not reach statistical significance, the trend in overall complaints was consistent with these findings. - There was no overall impact of BWV on the number or type of stop and searches conducted. In addition, there were no differences in officers - self-reported behaviour relating to how they conducted stops. - No effect was found on the proportion of arrests for violent crime. When an arrest had occurred, there was a slightly lower proportion of charges by officers in a BWV team. - There was no evidence that BWV changed the way police officers dealt with victims or suspects. - The Public Attitude Survey found, in general, London residents are supportive of BWV, with their opinions of the technology positively associated with their views of how 'procedurally just' the police are, and their confidence in the MPS. - Officers reported a range of innovative uses of BWV, including professional development; use of intelligence; and sharing information with partners and the public. Details: London: College of Policing Limited and the Mayor's Office for Policing And Crime (MOPAC), 2015. 50p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed December 1, 2015 at: http://whatworks.college.police.uk/Research/Documents/Police_Camera_Evidence.pdf Year: 2015 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://whatworks.college.police.uk/Research/Documents/Police_Camera_Evidence.pdf Shelf Number: 137399 Keywords: Body-Worn Cameras (U.K.) Complaints Against Police Disorderly Conduct Police LegitimacyPolice Technology Public Opinion Surveillance Video Cameras |
Author: Katz, Walter W. Title: Body-Worn Cameras: Policy Recommendations and Review of LASD's Pilot Program Summary: Portable video recording technology has radically altered urban law enforcement in recent years. Unfortunately, cash-strapped police agencies have been slow to incorporate this technology fully and now face community pressure to do so rapidly. In the face of strong public concern over police use of force, the time has come to overcome technological, political, and budgetary hurdles and incorporate fixed video, car mounted video and body-worn cameras into all urban police departments. The use of these tools will enhance accountability, public confidence in police officers and public understanding of policing. This report provides information regarding the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department's pilot program to test and evaluate body-worn camera systems and makes recommendations for the Department as it implements them. Regardless of policy decisions, video evidence is shaping law enforcement and police agencies must use it to full advantage to help provide the quality policing that the public deserves. In September 2014, the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department (hereinafter, LASD or the Department) initiated a volunteer pilot program to test body-worn camera systems (BWCS or body-camera) under patrol conditions at four stations across Los Angeles County. A body-worn camera is a small device that records video and sound. The camera is mounted on the officer's uniform and records deputy interactions with the public and can gather video evidence at crime scenes. The chief goals of the LASD's pilot program were "to accurately address allegations of misconduct and increase the public's trust." In addition, the LASD hoped that video and audio recordings would "prove beneficial in criminal proceedings, administrative investigations, service complaints and civil liability claims." The Department's pilot program ran from September 2014 through April 2015, tested four brands and five models of body-worn camera systems and deployed 96 cameras. In order to provide guidance for the volunteer deputies regarding when to employ the body cameras and on which subjects or events, the Department developed a set of guidelines covering camera activation and deactivation, expectations of privacy, operating procedures, when Department members are allowed to view recordings and retention of footage. Over the course of the program's eight-month run, the Department obtained detailed feedback from the participants, through both electronic questionnaires and focus groups that were held at each of the four stations and attended by OIG representatives. In addition to monitoring the pilot program, the OIG reviewed body-camera policies and reports from other jurisdictions as well as policy recommendations on the subject by nationally recognized law enforcement research organizations and leading advocacy organizations. The OIG then assimilated this information with trends that emerged from the LASD pilot program participants' feedback. Details: Los Angeles: Office of Inspector General, County of Los Angeles, 2015. 70p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed December 1, 2015 at: https://oig.lacounty.gov/Portals/OIG/Reports/Body-Worn%20Cameras_OIG%20Report.pdf Year: 2015 Country: United States URL: https://oig.lacounty.gov/Portals/OIG/Reports/Body-Worn%20Cameras_OIG%20Report.pdf Shelf Number: 137412 Keywords: Body-Worn Cameras Complaints Against Police Disorderly Conduct Police LegitimacyPolice Technology Public Opinion Surveillance Video Cameras |
Author: Drover, Paul Title: Leading and Testing Body Worn Video in Wolverhampton Summary: Policing faces both a crisis in public confidence and the challenge of improving effectiveness in times of austerity. Body Worn Video (BWV) is seen internationally as having the potential to reduce public complaints, police use of force and potentially to improve criminal justice outcomes. However there are very few studies currently that explore the effects of BWV. Further replication of the BWV trial in Rialto, California (Farrar, 2013) is required to develop our understanding of the effects. This research shall document a Police Leaders' implementation of a randomised control trial into the effects of BWV. The main objectives are to identify the challenges to implementing a trial and identify how they were overcome. The solutions to these challenges shall provide key lessons for future police leaders as they undertake research and implement change. This study shall break down the sections of the implementation process. It shall explore each issue from gaining support to run a trial through to the challenge of maintaining it. The main challenges encountered from devising the trial in March 2014, through to three months into random allocation in August 2014 shall be detailed. Addressing police resistance, tracking performance, working with technology and maintaining officer compliance will feature as key issues. This study found that gaining the support of police practitioners and police leaders requires both negotiation and direction. Once overcome the ability to maintain compliance with the experimental protocols of random assignment was key. A combination of nudge theory and direct accountability is required. The study identifies planning and a skilled support team as being crucial to overcoming the issues of trial implementation and management. A leader with strong communication skills who can adapt to feedback is central to overcoming the many issues encountered in the trial. Details: Cambridge, UK: Wolfson College, 2014. 100p. Source: Internet Resource: Thesis: Accessed June 29, 2016 at: http://www.crim.cam.ac.uk/alumni/theses/Paul%20Drover.pdf Year: 2014 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.crim.cam.ac.uk/alumni/theses/Paul%20Drover.pdf Shelf Number: 139538 Keywords: Body-Worn CamerasPolice AccountabilityPolice LegitimacyPolice PerformancePolice TechnologySurveillance Video Cameras |
Author: McClure, David Title: How Body Cameras Affect Community Members' Perceptions of Police Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial of One Agency's Pilot Summary: Members of the public often do not accurately remember whether police officers with whom they interact are wearing body worn cameras (BWC). Yet despite this poor recall, this randomized controlled trial of BWC use in a single jurisdiction finds that community members are more satisfied with police encounters when the officer is wearing a body camera. While application of procedurally just practices is associated with greater levels of resident satisfaction with police than just wearing a camera, combining the two produces even higher ratings of police. These findings suggest that policies on camera use may enhance the technology's ability to improve interactions between police and the public. Details: Washington, DC: Urban Institute, 2017. 12p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed June 24, 2017 at: http://www.urban.org/sites/default/files/publication/91331/2001307-how-body-cameras-affect-community-members-perceptions-of-police_1.pdf Year: 2017 Country: United States URL: http://www.urban.org/sites/default/files/publication/91331/2001307-how-body-cameras-affect-community-members-perceptions-of-police_1.pdf Shelf Number: 146358 Keywords: Body-Worn Cameras Police Accountability Police Surveillance Police Technology Police-Citizen Interactions Public Opinion Video Cameras |
Author: Beck, Adrian Title: Emerging Technology in Loss Prevention Retailing: Benchmarking the Loss Prevention Industry Summary: Context - This is the second in a series of benchmarking surveys focussing on issues that are of particular interest to the retail loss prevention industry. - This study looks at the issue of emerging technologies and their use in the retail loss prevention arena. It presents data on the perceived value of nine technologies, the extent to which they are currently being used, and the primary problem they are considered to address. The study also collected data about how the loss prevention technology industry is perceived by loss prevention practitioners. - The survey sample represents $1.576 trillion in US retail sales (48% of the market) with a total of 123,333 stores. Findings - Exception-based Video Alerting was regarded as the technology with the highest potential, followed by GPS Product Tracking and then RFID. - Respondents were much less convinced about the potential impact or signifcance of Body-mounted Cameras and Biometric Technologies. - The technologies most in use or being piloted were GPS Product Tracking (46%), Exception-based Video Alerting systems (41%) and RFID (32%). - No retailers responding to this survey said they were currently using Body-mounted Cameras although two were planning to use them in the near future. - Exception-based video alerting, non-scan POS detection and Smart Shelves were the top three emerging technologies that respondents were planning to use in the near future. - Retailers selling apparel were more likely to be using or planning to use RFID. - Retailers selling food were more likely to be using or planning to use Non-scan Activation technologies and Smart Shelf technologies. - For those using or planning to use Feature Recognition and Smart Shelf technologies, they were seen by the majority of respondents as being important in responding to ORC. - A sizable minority of respondents (31%) also regarded Smart Shelves as being useful for inventory control. - RFID was primarily seen as a technology for helping with inventory control (81%). - Both Exception-based Video Alerts and Non-scan POS Detection were primarily seen as tools to help tackle internal theft. - Body-mounted Cameras were viewed as a tool almost exclusively to help with issues of safety and security. - Biometrics was largely seen as a technology to be used to target internal theft and safety/security issues. - Most respondents viewed the Loss Prevention Technology Industry's performance as being adequate (48%), with a signifcant percentage considering that they had been either successful or very successful (37%). Details: London, UK: LPM, 2017. 13p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed January 21, 2019 at: http://www.jard.me/source/brochure/16_1509469871.pdf Year: 2017 Country: United Kingdom URL: https://losspreventionmedia.com/loss-prevention-magazine/m-benchmarking/understanding-data-analytics-loss-prevention/ Shelf Number: 154325 Keywords: BenchmarkingBiometric TechnologiesBody CamerasLoss PreventionRetail Loss PreventionSupply Chain SecurityTechnologiesVideo Cameras |